Scott Makeig, Cognitive Neuroscience

Scott Makeig, Ph.D.

Research Scientist & Director,
Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience (SCCN)
Institute for Neural Computation (INC)
University of California San Diego (UCSD)
La Jolla CA 92093-0559

My primary research interest is in analysis and modeling of human cognitive event-related brain dynamics as captured by high-dimensional EEG, MEG and other imaging modalities now including body motion capture.
Brain imaging analysis approaches I and colleagues have pioneered include time-frequency analysis, independent component analysis (ICA), and neural network and machine learning methods. With Mark Inlow, Tzyy-Ping Jung and others, I have studied the dynamics of performance and electrophysiology accompanying alertness lapses during sustained monitoring tasks, and have used the results of this research to design real-time alertness monitoring systems, an example of the rapidly emerging field of neural human-system interface technology. I was the originator and remain the PI and co-developer with Arnaud Delorme of the widely used EEGLAB signal processing environment for MATLAB.
Currently, I am working to apply Independent Component Analysis to EEG and related data to open new windows for noninvasive observation of the relationship between brain dynamics, cognition, and behavior -- in effect working to develop a new brain imaging modality that I call Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI).
I direct the Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience of the Institute for Neural Computation, UCSD, now housed in a suite of new offices and laboratories in the Supercomputer Center building on the UCSD campus. I am currently the Chief Scientist for the Cognition and Neuroergonomics alliance sponsored by the US Army Research Laboratories, and Adjunct Professor of Neurosciences in the UCSD Medical School. In this capacity, I have begun working with clinical researchers to apply the advances in functional EEG-based imaging to medical research and clinical practice.
At SCCN we are looking to continue to build collaborations with researchers wanting to apply new analytic methods to EEG and multimodality cognitive neuroscience imaging data, as well as with physicists, engineers, and mathematicians modeling the distributed human brain dynamics underlying brain cognitive capacities including attention, memory, decision-making, emotion, social interaction and creativity including musical expression.
Current projects include MoBI (EEG + body motion capture) and EEG correlates of emotion, social neuroscience, reward, and insight, as well as advanced source localization and imaging and EEG-based brain-computer interface design, particularly for cognitive monitoring and human-system interaction.

Contact:
smakeigucsd.edu
Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience
Institute for Neural Computation
University of California San Diego 0559
9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla CA 92093-0559
(858) 822-7539 office/msg

My scientific publications
Browse & Download

EEGLAB
a widely-used environment for electrophysiological signal processing and visualization under Matlab including independent component analysis

My scientific citations
in Google Scholar

Selected Publications and Presentations

Makeig S et al. Past and upcoming meeting abstracts.

Delorme A, Palmer J, Onton J, Oostenveld R, Makeig S, Independent EEG sources are dipolar PLoS One, i7(2):e30135. doi:10.1371/journalpone.0030135, 2012

Makeig S, C Kothe, T Mullen, N Bigdely-Shamlo, Z Zhang, K Kreutz-Delgado, Evolving signal processing for brain-computer interfaces (1.1 MB pdf) Proceedings IEEE, accepted for publication

Zeynep Akalin Acar & Makeig S, YouTube -- Explanatory EEG animations!

Jason Palmer & Makeig S, Contrast functions for independent subspace analysis (0.7Mb pdf) submitted for publication

Jason Palmer & Makeig S, Kenneth Kreutz-Delgado, Dependency models based on generalized Gaussian scale mixtures and normal variance mean mixtures (0.7Mb pdf), Submitted for publication

Yu Liao, J Danley, A Vankov, Makeig S, G Deak, Adult-like changes in mu rhythm activity in young children accompany action observation and execution in a social context (2.4Mb pdf poster) Society for Neuroscience, Washington DC, November, 2011

W Thompson, T Mullen, J Onton, Makeig S, A Bayesian spatiotemporal model for multi-subject EEG source dynamics and effective connectivity (2.2MB pdf poster) ICON XII, Palma, Mallorca, September 25, 2011.

T Mullen, Z Akalin Acar, J Palmer, G Worrell, Makeig S, Analysis of neuronal source dynamics and connectivity during seizure (12.8MB pdf poster) ICON XII, Palma, Mallorca, September, 2011.

Makeig S, G Leslie, T Mullen, D Sarma, N Bigdely-Shamlo, C Kothe, Analyzing brain dynamics of affective engagement (527kB pdf proof) Lecture Notes in Computer Science 6975, Springer (in press).

Makeig S, G Leslie, T Mullen, D Sarma, N Bigdely-Shamlo, C Kothe, First demonstration of a musical emotion BCI (416kB pdf proof) S. D ́Mello et al. (Eds.): ACII 2011, Part II, LNCS 6975, pp. 487–496, Springer-Verlag, 2011.

Brunner C, Mellinger J, Schalk G, Renard Y, Lecuyer L, Breitwieser C, Mueller-Putz GR, Kothe CA, Makeig S S, Perego P, Andreoni G, Kanoh S, Susila IP, Bianchi L, Venthur B, Blankertz B. BCI Software Platforms. For: Tan D & Nijholt A, Eds. (B+H)CI: The Human in Brain-Computer Interfaces and the Brain in Human-Computer Interactions, Springer Verlag, 2011 in press

Delorme A, Mullen T, Kothe C, Akalin Acar Z, Bigdely-Shamlo N, Vanko A, Makeig, EEGLAB, SIFT, NFT, BCILAB, and ERICA: New tools for advanced EEG processing. Computat Intelligence Neurosci 2011:130714, 12 pages, doi:10.1155/2011/130714, 2011.

Z Akalin Acar, J Palmer, G Worrell & S Makeig, Adaptive mixture independent component analysis and source localization in epilepsy, IEEE EMBC 2011, Boston MA, Sept. 2011

T Mullen, Z Akalin Acar, G Worrell & S Makeig, Modeling cortical source dynamics and interactions during seizure, IEEE EMBC 2011, Boston MA, Sept. 2011

CA Kothe & S Makeig, Estimation of task workload from EEG data: New and current methods and perspectives, IEEE EMBC 2011, Boston MA, Sept. 2011

Makeig S (1981) Means, Meaning, and Music ex Tempore, 1. -- Paper on ancient Greek music theory, recently rediscovered on the web!

S Makeig, Arnaud Delorme, Julie Onton, Nima Bigdely Shamlo, Tim Mullen, Christian Kothe, David Groppe, et al., The Online EEGLAB Workshop - Videos, powerpoint slides, sample data and more from the 12th EEGLAB Workshop, UCSD, Nov. 2010. Resource for learning and teaching principles and use of the EEGLAB signal processing environment for Matlab.

Makeig S, Onton J. ERP features and EEG dynamics: An ICA perspective (1.1MB pdf) Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components, Ed. Luck S & Kappenman E, 2011.

Scott Makeig, Streaming video of a talk, 'Mining Cognitive Brain Dynamics I', given at the 12th EEGLAB Workshop, La Jolla CA, November 18, 2010. The slides (.pdf) are also available here.

Scott Makeig, Streaming video of a talk, 'Mining Cognitive Brain Dynamics II', given at the 12th EEGLAB Workshop, La Jolla CA, November 20, 2010. The slides (.pdf) are also available here.

Scott Makeig, Streaming video of a talk, 'Imaging Human Agency with Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI)', given at the 12th EEGLAB Workshop, La Jolla CA, November 21, 2010. The slides (.pdf) are also available here.

K Miller, D Hermes, CH Honey M Sharma, RP Rao, M Den J'Nijs, EE Fetz, TJ Sejnowski, AO Hebb, JG Ojemann, Scott Makeig & EC Leuthardt, Dynamic modulations of local population activity by rhythm phase in human occipital cortex during a visual search task. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 4:197. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2010.00197

Klaus Gramann, JT Gwin, N Bigdely-Shamlo, DP Ferris & Scott Makeig, Visual evoked responses during standing and walking Frontiers in Human Neuroscience doi:10.3889/fnhum.2010.00202

Zeynep Akalin Acar & Scott Makeig, Neuroelectromagnetic Forward Head Modeling Toolbox J Neurosci Meth doi:10.1016/jneumeth.2010.04.031

Scott Makeig & Julie Onton, Emotional BCI: Communicating emotion via EEG dynamics Fourth International BCI Meeting, Carmel, CA, June 2010

Tim Mullen, Julie Onton, Arnaud Delorme, Scott Makeig, Analysis and visualization of theta-band information flow dynamics in an ERN-producing task Human Brain Mapping, Barcelona, Spain, June 2010

Delorme A, Kothe C, Vankov A, Bigdely-Shamlo N, Oostenveldt R, Zander T, & Makeig S. MATLAB-based tools for BCI research (1.2 MB, .pdf) In:(B+H)CI: The Human in Brain-Computer Interfaces and the Brain in Human-Computer Interactions, in press.

Birgit Baernreuther, Thorsten O. Zander, Jessika Reissland, Christian Kothe, Sabine Jatzev, Jessika Reissland, Matti Gaertner, Sebastian Welke, Scott Makeig, Access to covert aspects of user intentions: Detecting bluffing in a game context with a passive BCI. Fourth International BCI Meeting, Carmel, CA, June 2010

Andrey Vankov, Nima Bigdely-Shamlo, Scott Makeig, DataRiver – A software platform for real time management of multiple data streams Fourth International BCI Meeting, Carmel, CA, June 2010

Nima Bigdely-Shamlo & Scott Makeig, MatRiver software for real-time analysis and visualization of EEG and multi-modal data. Fourth International BCI Meeting, Carmel, CA, June 2010

Christian Kothe, Arnaud Delorme, Thorsten Zander, Scott Makeig BCILAB: A BCI / EEG research framework Fourth International BCI Meeting, Carmel, CA, June 2010

Onton J & Makeig S. Broadband high-frequency EEG dynamics during emotion imagination. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2009.

Gramann K, Onton J, Riccobon D, Mueller HJ, Bardins S, Makeig S. Brain dynamics accompanying use of egocentric and allocentric reference frames during human navigation. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, in press ( doi:10.1162/jocn.2009.21369).

Gwin JT, Gramann K, Makeig S, Ferris DP. Removal of movement artifact from high-density EEG recorded during walking and running Journal of Neurophysiology, in press ( doi:10.1152/jn.00105.2010).

Peterson D, Makeig S, TJ Sejnowski, H Poizner. Probabilistic reversal learning is impaired in Parkinson's disease. (611k) J Neurosci,2009.

Makeig S. Video: Collaborative dynamics revealed by high-definition EEG. A 31-minute streaming video of a talk at the Temporal Dynamics of Learning Center All-hands Meeting, UCSD, Feb., 2009

Makeig S. Beyond BCI: Mind monitoring via mobile brain-body imaging (0.1MB pdf) Human-Computer Interface International 2009, San Diego CA, 2009

Huang R-S, Jung T-P, Makeig S. Tonic changes in EEG power spectra during simulated driving (0.7MB pdf) Human-Computer Interface International 2009, San Diego CA, 2009

Wang Y, Makeig S. Predicting intended movement direction using EEG from human posterior parietal cortex (0.6MB pdf) Human-Computer Interface International 2009, San Diego CA, 2009

Groppe D, Makeig S, Kutas M. Identifying reliable independent components via split-half comparisons (0.8MB pdf) NeuroImage 45:1199-2011, 2009

Makeig S, Gramann K, Jung T-P, Sejnowski TJ, Poizner H. Linking brain, mind and behavior: The promise of mobile brain/body imaging (MoBI) (2.5 MB pdf) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2009.

Bigdely-Shamlo N, Vankov A, Ramirez RR, Makeig S, On brain activity-based image classification during rapid serial visual presentation. (8.3 MB pdf) IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 16(4): 432-441, 2008

Makeig S, Video: Mobile high-definition EEG brain imaging. A talk at the UCSD Temporal Dynamics of Learning Center meeting (17 min, Real player) Jan., 2007

Makeig S, Moving from 2-D to 3-D EEG-based brain imaging. Powerpoint slides (7 MB pdf) for a series of brief talks in an NIMH workshop talk, Sept. 2008

Palmer J, Makeig S, Kreutz-Delgado K, Rao BD Newton method for the ICA mixture model ICASSP, 2008

Huang R-S, Jung T-P, Delorme A, Makeig S, Tonic and phasic electroencephalographic dynamics during continuous compensatory tracking. Neuroimage, 2008

Delorme A, Westerfield M, Makeig S, Medial prefrontal theta bursts precede rapid motor responses during visual selective attention. J Neurosci 27:11949-59, 2007 (DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3477-07.2007).

Onton J. Makeig S. ICA example and Overview chapter: Why use ICA to decompose EEG/MEG data?, Progress in Brain Research (2006).

Wipf D, Ramirez R, Palmer J, Makeig S, Rao B. Analysis of Empirical Bayesian Methods for Neuroelectromagnetic Source Localization , NIPS 2007

Hsu J-L, Jung T-P, Hsu C-Y, Hsu W-C, Chen Y-K, Duann J-R, Wang H-C, Makeig S . Regional CBF Changes in Parkinsons Disease: A Correlation with Motor Dysfunction. Europ J Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging, 2007.

Dyrholm, M, Makeig S, Hansen, LK, Convolutive ICA for spatiotemporal analysis of EEG. Neural Computation 19, 934-955, 2007.

W Einhaeuser, Koch C, Makeig S . The duration of the attentional blink in natural scenes depends on stimulus category. Vision Research 47:597-607, 2007.

Delorme A, Sejnowski TJ, Makeig S. Improved rejection of artifacts from EEG data using high-order statistics and independent component analysis. NeuroImage, 2007.

Miller KJ, Makeig S, Hebb A, Rao R, denNijs M, Ojemann GJ. Cortical electrode localization from X-rays and simple mapping for electrocorticographic research: The Location on Cortex (LOC) package for MATLAB, J Neurosci Methods 162:303-308, 2007.

Onton J, Westerfield M, Townsend J, Makeig S. Interpreting EEG brain dynamics using independent component analysis (pdf, 840k). In: Neuroscience and Behavioral Reviews Special Issue: Development Through the Life Cycle, Eds: Ulman Lindenberger and Shu-Chen Li, 30:808-822, 2006.

Dyrholm M, Makeig S, Hansen LK, Model structure selection in covolutive mixtures. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3889:74-81, 2006

Palmer J, Kreutz-Delgado K, Makeig S. Super-gaussian mixture models for ICA. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3889:854-861, 2006

Tsai, AC, Liou, M, Jung, T-P, Onton J, Cheng PE., Huang C-C, Duann, J-R, Makeig S. Mapping single-trial EEG records on the cortical surface through a spatiotemporal modality, NeuroImage 32:195-207, 2006.

Onton J, Delorme A, Makeig S. Frontal midline EEG dynamics during working memory. NeuroImage 27:341-56, 2005.

Makeig S , Brain decisions have consequences! from a talk at Banbury Center, Long Island June, 2005 (0.8 MB pdf).

Makeig S, A 'handwaving' explanation of ICA from a talk at Dollnsee, Germany Sept., 2004.

Makeig S, Multiscale evidence of multiscale brain communication. Talk at Banbury Center (5MB pdf), May, 2004.

Makeig S, Delorme A, Westerfield M, Townsend J, Courchense E, Sejnowski TJ, Electroencephalographic brain dynamics following visual targets requiring manual responses. PLOS Biology, 2(6):742-762, 2004.

Makeig S, Debener S, Onton J, Delorme A, Mining event-related brain dynamics Trends in Cognitive Science, 8(5):204-210, 2004.

Luu P, Tucker D, Makeig S. Frontal-midline theta and the ERN (4.3MB pdf) Clinical Neurophysiology, 115:1821-35, 2004.

Delorme A and Makeig S. EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics J Neurosci Methods, 134:9-21, 2004.

J. Anemuller, Sejnowski TJ, Makeig S, Complex independent component analysis of frequency-domain EEG data, Neural Networks 16:1311-23, 2003.

Delorme, A. and Makeig S, EEG changes accompanying learned regulation of 12-Hz EEG activity (369 KB pdf), IEEE Trans Neural Sys & Rehab Eng, 2(2):133-136, 2003.

Makeig S, Event-related brain dynamics: Unifying brain electrophysiology (22KB pdf). Trends in Neurosciences 25,8: 390, August, 2002;

Makeig S, Jung T-P, Sejnowski TJ. Having your voxels and timing them too? (721KB pdf). In: Exploratory Analysis and Data Modeling in Functional Neuroimaging (F. Sommer & A. Wichert, eds.), The MIT Press, 2002.

Makeig S, Westerfield M, Jung T-P, Enghoff S, Townsend J, Courchesne E, Sejnowski TJ. Dynamic brain sources of visual evoked responses. Science, 295:690-694 (25 Jan 2002).

Duann J-R, Jung T-P, Kuo W-J, Yeh T-C, Makeig S, Hsieh J-C, Sejnowski TJ. Measuring the variability of event-related BOLD signals" (72KB pdf),Neuroimage 15: 823-25, 2002.

Jung T-P, Makeig S, Westerfield M, Townsend J, Courchesne E, Sejnowski TJ. " Independent component analysis of single-trial event-related potentials (1.1 MB pdf)," Human Brain Mapping, 14(3):168-85,2001.

Jung T-P, Makeig S, McKeown MJ, Bell AJ, Lee T-W, Sejnowski TJ. Imaging brain dynamics using Independent Component Analysis (640 KB pdf), Proceedings of the IEEE, 89(7):1107-22, 2001.

Makeig S, Jung T-P, Sejnowski TJ. "Awareness during Drowsiness: Dynamics and Electrophysiological Correlates" (.html/.doc.gz), Can J Exp Psychol 54(4):266-73, 2000.

Jung T-P, Makeig S, Westerfield W, Townsend J, Courchesne E, Sejnowski TJ. " Removal of eye activity artifacts from visual event-related potentials in normal and clinical subjects (1.3MB pdf)," Clinical Neurophysiology, 111:10, 1745-58, 2000.

Makeig S, Jung T-P, Sejnowski TJ. "An efficient basis for brain-actuated control" (111 KB pdf), IEEE Trans Rehab Eng 8:208-11, 2000.

Jung T-P, Makeig S, Humphries C , Lee TW, McKeown MJ, Iragui V, Sejnowski TJ. Removing electroencephalographic artifacts by blind source separation (.HTML, pdf.zip), Psychophysiology, 37:163-78, 2000.

Jung T-P, Makeig S, Lee T-W, McKeown MJ, Brown G, Bell AJ, Sejnowski TJ. "Independent Component Analysis of Biomedical Signals," Second International Workshop on Independent Component Analysis and Signal Separation, Helsinki, pp. 633-44, 2000.

Makeig S, Westerfield M, Townsend J, Jung T-P, Courchesne E, Sejnowski TJ. Functionally independent components of the early event-related potential in a visual spatial attention task (450 KB pdf). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences 354:1135-44, 1999. The evoked response data (0.4MB tar.gz)

Makeig S, Westerfield M, Jung T-P, Covington J, Townsend J, Sejnowski, Courchesne E. J. Neurosci. 19:2665-2680 (1999). Functionally independent components of the late positive event-related potential during visual spatial attention (1 MB pdf) Soc. Neurosci. members (.html) The evoked response data (2Mb tar.gz).

McKeown MJ, Makeig S, Brown GG, Jung T-P, Kindermann M, Sejnowski TJ. Human Brain Mapping, 6(3):160-88 (1998). Analysis of fMRI by Blind Separation into Independent Spatial Components ( 4MB ps.Z).

Makeig S, Bell AJ, Jung T-P, Sejnowski TJ. Independent component analysis of electroencephalographic data In: D. Touretzky, M. Mozer and M. Hasselmo (Eds). Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 8:145-151 (1996). (488KB ps.gz) (First paper applying ICA to EEG).

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Selected Publications and Presentations